Response field issuer removed

What changed

Reads of this field return undefined, and the failure surfaces wherever that value is used rather than at the call.

Affects payments_primitives_payment_records_resource_payment_method_card_details reachable from 99 operations.

Who is affected

Code that reads Stripe's payments_primitives_payment_records_resource_payment_method_card_details objects, used by 99 Stripe operations.

Before and after

Code that breaks

// response.issuer is now undefined
const issuer = response.issuer;

Based on Stripe’s published API specification. How severity is decided.